Skip to main content
Notice removed Draw attention by Clement C.
Bounty Ended with domotorp's answer chosen by Clement C.
Notice added Draw attention by Clement C.
Bounty Started worth 50 reputation by Clement C.
Tweeted twitter.com/StackCSTheory/status/705885620426678272
deleted 1 character in body
Source Link
Clement C.
  • 4.5k
  • 29
  • 51

In the referee (SMP: Simultaneous Message Passing) model introduced by Yao (see e.g. [1]), Alice and Bob have respectively inputs $x\in X$ and $y\in Y$, and wish to communicate with a third-party, the Referee, to compute $f(x,y)$ where $f\colon X\times Y\to\{0,1\}$ is a function known to the three parties.

The restriction, however, is that the communication is one-way: Alice and Bob can only send a message to the referee, who then must output the answer ($A\leadsto R$ and $B\leadsto R$). (This differs from the one-way CC setting as the referee does not hold any input.)

While the deterministic communication complexity in this model seems well-understood, and lower bounds (tight for $\sf EQ_n$) for the private-coin setting are known [1], I could not find examples of cases (preferably for promise problems, i.e. with a gap between $\sf yes$ and $\sf no$-instances) for which there was a strong separation between one-way public-coin communication complexity and SMP public-coin communication complexity.

What are problems $\Pi$ for which there is a gap between $\operatorname{ow-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$ and $\operatorname{smp-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$?

For instance, ${\sf EQ}_n$ is $\Theta(\sqrt{n})$ for SMP private-coin, and $O(\log {n})$ for one-way private-coin; but in the public-coin setting, it is $O(1)$ for both. OneOn the other end of the spectrum, ${\sf DISJ}_n$ is $\Theta({n})$ for both models, and so is ${\sf GAPHAMMING}_n$.

(As a side note, one can derive a separation between one-way "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication complexity and SMP "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication from the work of Bavarian et al. [2] on communication with correlated random bits, from their ${\sf GAPIP}_n$ problem, but this separation does not hold for perfectly shared randomness (public coins)).

[1] Randomized simultaneous messages: solution of a problem of Yao in communication complexity, L. Babai. 1997. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=612319&tag=1

[2] On the Role of Shared Randomness in Simultaneous Communication, M. Bavarian, D. Gavinsky, T. Ito, 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06395

In the referee (SMP: Simultaneous Message Passing) model introduced by Yao (see e.g. [1]), Alice and Bob have respectively inputs $x\in X$ and $y\in Y$, and wish to communicate with a third-party, the Referee, to compute $f(x,y)$ where $f\colon X\times Y\to\{0,1\}$ is a function known to the three parties.

The restriction, however, is that the communication is one-way: Alice and Bob can only send a message to the referee, who then must output the answer ($A\leadsto R$ and $B\leadsto R$). (This differs from the one-way CC setting as the referee does not hold any input.)

While the deterministic communication complexity in this model seems well-understood, and lower bounds (tight for $\sf EQ_n$) for the private-coin setting are known [1], I could not find examples of cases (preferably for promise problems, i.e. with a gap between $\sf yes$ and $\sf no$-instances) for which there was a strong separation between one-way public-coin communication complexity and SMP public-coin communication complexity.

What are problems $\Pi$ for which there is a gap between $\operatorname{ow-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$ and $\operatorname{smp-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$?

For instance, ${\sf EQ}_n$ is $\Theta(\sqrt{n})$ for SMP private-coin, and $O(\log {n})$ for one-way private-coin; but in the public-coin setting, it is $O(1)$ for both. One the other end of the spectrum, ${\sf DISJ}_n$ is $\Theta({n})$ for both models, and so is ${\sf GAPHAMMING}_n$.

(As a side note, one can derive a separation between one-way "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication complexity and SMP "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication from the work of Bavarian et al. [2] on communication with correlated random bits, from their ${\sf GAPIP}_n$ problem, but this separation does not hold for perfectly shared randomness (public coins)).

[1] Randomized simultaneous messages: solution of a problem of Yao in communication complexity, L. Babai. 1997. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=612319&tag=1

[2] On the Role of Shared Randomness in Simultaneous Communication, M. Bavarian, D. Gavinsky, T. Ito, 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06395

In the referee (SMP: Simultaneous Message Passing) model introduced by Yao (see e.g. [1]), Alice and Bob have respectively inputs $x\in X$ and $y\in Y$, and wish to communicate with a third-party, the Referee, to compute $f(x,y)$ where $f\colon X\times Y\to\{0,1\}$ is a function known to the three parties.

The restriction, however, is that the communication is one-way: Alice and Bob can only send a message to the referee, who then must output the answer ($A\leadsto R$ and $B\leadsto R$). (This differs from the one-way CC setting as the referee does not hold any input.)

While the deterministic communication complexity in this model seems well-understood, and lower bounds (tight for $\sf EQ_n$) for the private-coin setting are known [1], I could not find examples of cases (preferably for promise problems, i.e. with a gap between $\sf yes$ and $\sf no$-instances) for which there was a strong separation between one-way public-coin communication complexity and SMP public-coin communication complexity.

What are problems $\Pi$ for which there is a gap between $\operatorname{ow-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$ and $\operatorname{smp-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$?

For instance, ${\sf EQ}_n$ is $\Theta(\sqrt{n})$ for SMP private-coin, and $O(\log {n})$ for one-way private-coin; but in the public-coin setting, it is $O(1)$ for both. On the other end of the spectrum, ${\sf DISJ}_n$ is $\Theta({n})$ for both models, and so is ${\sf GAPHAMMING}_n$.

(As a side note, one can derive a separation between one-way "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication complexity and SMP "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication from the work of Bavarian et al. [2] on communication with correlated random bits, from their ${\sf GAPIP}_n$ problem, but this separation does not hold for perfectly shared randomness (public coins)).

[1] Randomized simultaneous messages: solution of a problem of Yao in communication complexity, L. Babai. 1997. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=612319&tag=1

[2] On the Role of Shared Randomness in Simultaneous Communication, M. Bavarian, D. Gavinsky, T. Ito, 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06395

Source Link
Clement C.
  • 4.5k
  • 29
  • 51

Problems still "hard" in the SMP/Referee model with shared randomness?

In the referee (SMP: Simultaneous Message Passing) model introduced by Yao (see e.g. [1]), Alice and Bob have respectively inputs $x\in X$ and $y\in Y$, and wish to communicate with a third-party, the Referee, to compute $f(x,y)$ where $f\colon X\times Y\to\{0,1\}$ is a function known to the three parties.

The restriction, however, is that the communication is one-way: Alice and Bob can only send a message to the referee, who then must output the answer ($A\leadsto R$ and $B\leadsto R$). (This differs from the one-way CC setting as the referee does not hold any input.)

While the deterministic communication complexity in this model seems well-understood, and lower bounds (tight for $\sf EQ_n$) for the private-coin setting are known [1], I could not find examples of cases (preferably for promise problems, i.e. with a gap between $\sf yes$ and $\sf no$-instances) for which there was a strong separation between one-way public-coin communication complexity and SMP public-coin communication complexity.

What are problems $\Pi$ for which there is a gap between $\operatorname{ow-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$ and $\operatorname{smp-CC}_{\rm pub}(\Pi)$?

For instance, ${\sf EQ}_n$ is $\Theta(\sqrt{n})$ for SMP private-coin, and $O(\log {n})$ for one-way private-coin; but in the public-coin setting, it is $O(1)$ for both. One the other end of the spectrum, ${\sf DISJ}_n$ is $\Theta({n})$ for both models, and so is ${\sf GAPHAMMING}_n$.

(As a side note, one can derive a separation between one-way "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication complexity and SMP "imperfectly-shared"-coin communication from the work of Bavarian et al. [2] on communication with correlated random bits, from their ${\sf GAPIP}_n$ problem, but this separation does not hold for perfectly shared randomness (public coins)).

[1] Randomized simultaneous messages: solution of a problem of Yao in communication complexity, L. Babai. 1997. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=612319&tag=1

[2] On the Role of Shared Randomness in Simultaneous Communication, M. Bavarian, D. Gavinsky, T. Ito, 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06395