This survey, The structure and function of complex networks by Newman, reviews techniques and models for real complex networks including concepts such as small-world effect, degree distributions, and random graph models. Also, the same author has a nice paper, Random graphs as models of networks, about adaptations of random graphs to model real networks.
References:
Random graphs as models of networks, M. E. J. Newman, in Handbook of Graphs and Networks, S. Bornholdt and H. G. Schuster (eds.), Wiley-VCH, Berlin (2003)
The structure and function of complex networks, M. E. J. Newman, SIAM Review 45, 167-256 (2003)