For another non-answer, you might be interested in Sarnak’s conjecture (see e.g. http://gilkalai.wordpress.com/2011/02/21/the-ac0-prime-number-conjecture/, http://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2011/02/23/the-depth-of-the-mobius-function/, http://mathoverflow.net/questions/57543/walsh-fourier-transform-of-the-mobius-functionhttps://mathoverflow.net/questions/57543/walsh-fourier-transform-of-the-mobius-function), which basically states that Möbius function is not correlated with any “simple” Boolean function. It’s not unreasonable to expect it should hold when “simple” is interpreted as polynomial-time. What we know so far is that the conjecture holds for $\mathrm{AC}^0$-functions (proved by Ben Green), and all monotone functions (proved by Jean Bourgain).