One of my students discovered a possible mistake in Robson's classic paper Separating strings with small automata.
The issue is in the proof of Theorem 1, giving the simpler bound $O(\sqrt{n\log n})$.
The proof goes by giving an automaton that finds a substring of length $O(\sqrt{n\log n})$ in $u$ that ends in $i$ such that $u_i\ne v_i$ is the first place where the words $u$ and $v$ differ.
It is correctly proved that the given substring cannot occur in $v$ up to $i$, starting with some required modulo, but the issue is that the substring can arise after $i$.
I think that he is right, and see no way of saving the proof.
ps. Note that the best claimed bound in Robson is $\tilde O(n^{2/5})$ recently a better bound, $\tilde O(n^{1/3})$ was proved by Chase.