Questions tagged [hash-function]

The tag has no usage guidance.

Filter by
Sorted by
Tagged with
0 votes
2 answers
33 views

Combining different length epsilon-ADU hash function families

For context, an $\epsilon$-almost delta universal ($\epsilon$-ADU) hash function family $\mathcal{H} = \{h : M \to D\}$ hashes inputs from $M$ to digests in $D$ such that for any distinct $m, m' \in M$...
orlp's user avatar
  • 720
2 votes
1 answer
78 views

Lower bound for the Schwartz–Zippel lemma in Polynomial Hashing

$\newcommand{\bigparen}[1]{\Bigl ( #1 \Bigr )}$ I'm working with polynomial hashes $H$ defined by the pair $(B, M)$ (base, modulo): $$H_{B, M}(s) \equiv \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} B^{n-1-i} \cdot conv(s_i) \, (...
catalyst's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
122 views

Inverse of leftover hash lemma

Leftover hash lemma: Let $X$ be a random variable over $X \in {\mathcal {X}}$ and let $m>0$. Let $h: {\mathcal S} \times {\mathcal X} \rightarrow \{0,1\}^m$ be a 2-universal hash function. If $m \...
delete000's user avatar
  • 778
6 votes
0 answers
133 views

Consistent Sampling a Random Walk

Assume there's a random walk $S_k = X_1 + \dots + X_k$ where $X_i \in \{1, -1\}$ are uniformly iid. I want Alice and Bob to share a function $S(k) = S_k$. A straightforward approach would be to let ...
Thomas Ahle's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
94 views

Query Phase of Multi-Level Hashing

I am trying to understand the fundamentals of multilevel Locality Sensitive Hashing. It is defined in the paper paper (page no-6). A Multi-level LSH data structure for $S$ is set up in the following ...
David's user avatar
  • 113
4 votes
0 answers
117 views

How many bits are required to sample an almost pairwise independent hash function?

A family of functions $\mathcal{H} = \{ h\colon \{0,1\}^n \to \{0,1\}^m \}$ is said to be $\varepsilon$-almost pairwise independent if, for every distinct $x_1,x_2 \in \{0,1\}^n$ and (not necessarily ...
user65356's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
106 views

Are perceptual hashes connected to audio/video compression?

Without loss of generality, I'll only talk about video, but this should apply to any sort of signal. A perceptual hash function (WP) maps videos to fingerprints such that each fingerprint's preimage ...
Corbin's user avatar
  • 271
0 votes
0 answers
61 views

Reference Request : Accessible reference for Randomised algorithms and Hashing for non-Computer Scientists?

My goal is to understand well a paper like ApproxMC. It discusses the use of Hash functions for Propositional Model Counting. In my understanding what they call hash functions are just random XOR's ...
SagarM's user avatar
  • 706
3 votes
1 answer
98 views

Optimal random bits complexity for universal hashing

Let $Q_N:=\{0,1\}^N$ denote the $N$-dimensional Hamming cube. Let $a\in Q^N$ and $X\sim\mathrm{Unif}(Q^M)$ be input and random bits respectively, and function $f$ maps the the joint space to the $P$-...
AmeerJ's user avatar
  • 679
0 votes
0 answers
190 views

"Fair" hash functions

Motivation. When I use a hash function, I would like my pre-images (original values) to a given output (hash) to be evenly distributed as it could be that an uneven distribution could make guessing / ...
Dominic van der Zypen's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
119 views

Fibers of hash functions

Let $\{0,1\}^{<\omega}$ denote the collection of finite binary sequences. By a hash function we mean a computable map $$h: \{0,1\}^{<\omega} \to \{0,1\}^n$$ for some fixed $n\in\omega$. Define $\...
Dominic van der Zypen's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
109 views

Can hash functions speed up quantum simulation? (Generalizing May and Schlieper's idea) [closed]

To conform with the CS Theory SE crossposting rules, I've created a separate post for dequantizing Shor's algorithm (discussion on the Quantum Computing Stack Exchange was mostly about Shor's ...
botsina's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
1 answer
89 views

Can a result of (any) hash algorithm contain the hash result itself? [closed]

Suppose you have a file of 240 lines. Any lines, any content. You then calculate the hash of that file, let's say MD5, and the result is something in the following structure: ...
Tzury Bar Yochay's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
107 views

Sampling from a family of hash functions, not uniformly at random?

Many algorithms and data structures assume access to a family of hash functions satisfying some nice property (say, $k$-independence or $k$-universality). In these cases, we usually assume that we ...
templatetypedef's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
188 views

Zero Knowledge proofs of knowledge

Is there Zero Knowledge Proof of Knowledge protocol for Hash function? (If h(v)=w) without revealing v to the anyone can we prove that we know 'v')
Vinay's user avatar
  • 33
2 votes
1 answer
178 views

Complexity of solving systems of linear equations with hash preimages

Introduction: I'm researching a decision problem that I thought was in NP because there are certificates for its instances that have a polynomial number of elements. However, I realized that there are ...
treisenegger's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
220 views

Family of functions with properties similar to k-wise independent hash functions

I am looking for a family of functions that has similar properties to a family of $\ell$-wise independent hash functions. The goal is to hash $\ell$ pairwise different bit strings of length $k$ to a ...
Dave's user avatar
  • 183
1 vote
0 answers
184 views

Can a hash preimage be used to amplify BPP probabilities?

Suppose we are given a (univariate) polynomial $P$ of degree $d$, and we wish to determine if $P$ is identically $0$. A standard way to do this is to use a classical PRG to randomly sample a number $...
Mark S's user avatar
  • 1,063
4 votes
0 answers
150 views

What degree of hash function independence is needed for Bloom filters?

In the traditional analysis of Bloom filters, it's assumed that the hash functions are truly random functions, meaning that each hash function distributes each key uniformly and independently of each ...
templatetypedef's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
106 views

LSH Probabilistic guarantees

A family $H$ is $(r,cr,p_1,p_2)$-sensitive if for all $x,y \in \mathbb{R}^d$ we have: $\lVert x-y\rVert <r\quad \Rightarrow\quad \Pr[h(x)=h(y)] \geq p_1$, and $\lVert x-y\rVert > cr \quad \...
John B's user avatar
  • 21
1 vote
0 answers
121 views

Why do k min-hashes, instead of one hash where we find the k minimum elements?

Traditionally if one wants to sketch streams for Jaccard similarity hashing, one finds the minimum element in each of $k$ permutation for comparison purposes, and then takes number_of_collisions / $k$ ...
Amir's user avatar
  • 729
3 votes
1 answer
89 views

What is the maximal load of a "latency-bounded" Cuckoo Hash?

Cuckoo Hashing is a method for storing key-value stores (or just a set of keys) with a constant worst-case lookup time. They use two hash functions $h_1,h_2:\mathbb K\to [n]$, where $\mathbb K$ is ...
R B's user avatar
  • 9,438
-1 votes
1 answer
51 views

Hash-containing Binary Tree?

I saw the question somewhere "Binary tree vs hash table, which one is better?" And then I thought - "Why not both? Why not combine the two and create a binary tree where each node contains a 'number' ...
Stephanus Tavilrond's user avatar
6 votes
2 answers
2k views

Improving Bloom filter - can we distinguish elements of a database using less than 2.33275 bits/element?

While we usually use large e.g. 64 bit hashes, there are many techniques to reduce this size, e.g. for savings in storage and transmission. Popular Bloom filter instead of marking just 1 hash ...
Jarek Duda's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
91 views

Does this pairwise independent random process have expected max load $\sqrt{n}$?

This is an extension to the question about balls into bins: Example of pairwise independent random process with expected max load $\sqrt{n}$ . There the following question is asked and answered in ...
Simd's user avatar
  • 3,950
0 votes
1 answer
145 views

is Zero knowledge Proof same as commitment schemes? [closed]

I am studying about the zero knowledge proofs and I am looking for a practical (example based) approach to undrestand its process. I have studied the theory a little bit and I find it interesting yet ...
picolo's user avatar
  • 101
1 vote
1 answer
342 views

"Linear" hashing function

Say we have two chunks of data $X$ and $Y$, which may be of different sizes, is there a non-trivial function $hash$, and operation $*$, such that: $$hash(X+Y) = hash(X) * hash(Y)$$ ...where $+$ is ...
Xophmeister's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
141 views

Notion similar to k-wise independence

I want to construct a family of functions $H:\{0,1\}^n \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ with a property that is similar to k-wise independence. Specifically, I want $H$ to satisfy the following property. Let $k$ ...
NotSo Smart's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
218 views

Two papers give contradictory bounds on linear probing. How do I resolve the disparity?

I've been reading over two papers recently. The first, "Why Simple Hash Functions Work: Exploiting the Entropy in a Data Stream" proves that, assuming there is sufficient entropy in a data source, ...
templatetypedef's user avatar
7 votes
2 answers
127 views

Shoup-style hashing without one-wayness

Let $H$ be an almost universal hash family of functions from $D^2$ to $D$. For any functions $f,g \in H$ define the function $\langle f,g \rangle : D^4 \to D$ by $\langle f,g \rangle(a,b,c,d) \...
jbapple's user avatar
  • 11.2k
3 votes
2 answers
229 views

Extended version of the paper "Consistent Hashing and Random Trees" with proofs

I've been reading the following paper: David Karger, Eric Lehman, Tom Leighton, Rina Panigrahy, Mathew Levine, Daniel Lewin, "Consistent Hashing and Random Trees: Distributed Caching Protocols for ...
ngub05's user avatar
  • 141
-1 votes
1 answer
422 views

Load factor of a hashtable: Why not resize based on number of actual buckets used? [closed]

From what I read, the load factor of a hashtable is defined as n/N where n=number of items N=Number of buckets in the hash table Its recommended you increase the size of your hashtable when load ...
Foo's user avatar
  • 109
1 vote
1 answer
68 views

Far point queries in high dimensions

Given a set of points $X\subset R^d$ and a number $r\in R$, create a data structure for queries of the form: "given a point $q\in R^d$ return a point $x\in X$ with $\text{dist}(q,x)\ge r$". This is ...
Thomas Ahle's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
771 views

Example of pairwise independent random process with expected max load $\sqrt{n}$

This question was previously posted at https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1220292/example-of-pairwise-independent-random-process-with-expected-max-load-sqrtn where it has no answers. I now ...
Simd's user avatar
  • 3,950
2 votes
2 answers
312 views

Sketches, using ideal hash functions

I've been reading about sketches for processing streaming data (the CountMin sketch, the Count sketch, the tug-of-war sketch, FM sketches, etc.). They use hash functions that are required to be 2-...
D.W.'s user avatar
  • 11.7k
1 vote
0 answers
630 views

What is the intuition behind simhash? [closed]

Why does simhash work? I understand how to implement the hash algorithm, mechanically, from the many articles such as http://matpalm.com/resemblance/simhash/. But is there a simple intuitive ...
xyz's user avatar
  • 111
5 votes
0 answers
483 views

Tuning Parameters of Locality Sensitive Hashing

We have given a set of $n$ binary vectors each of dimension $d$, i.e. a binary matrix of $d*n$. Our goal is to group vectors which are almost similar, $\forall v_i, v_j\in\{0,1\}^d$, we say $v_i$ ...
Ram's user avatar
  • 639
1 vote
0 answers
89 views

Entropy criterion of efficiency for (comparison using hashing)

I understand that hash is effective iff the "domain" size is smaller than the size of the "general set" - set of all possible objects. E.g., "domain" is the set of valid english phrases with length ...
mclaudt's user avatar
  • 11
-3 votes
1 answer
324 views

Isn't weakly universal hashing even a stronger than truly random? [closed]

So as far as I know the weakly universal hashing is defined as: for any $x, y \subset U, Pr(h(x) = h(y)) \le \frac{1}{m}$ where m is a smaller number than the cardinality of $U$, and h are chosen ...
Boyu Fang's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
68 views

one-way functions vs. secret-coin CRHFs

Is there any paper which can be used to show that there can be no relativizing construction of a secret-coin Collision-Resistant Hash Family from a one-way function and unlike this paper, does not ...
user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
252 views

Ergodic Theory and Hash Functions

I was thinking about the old question regarding the existence of fixed points in hash functions (for instance, if we restrict the domain of MD5 to $S = \{0, 1\}^{128}$, making it a mapping $S \to S$, ...
Charles Fu's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
166 views

Locality Sensitive Hashing - meaning of a block

I'm reading one of the early LSH papers and I'm a little confused by the meaning of a "block". In particular, in the proof of theorem 1 in section 3.2 (p 522), what are the blocks being pointed to? ...
David's user avatar
  • 21
9 votes
2 answers
350 views

Almost universal string hashing in $Z_{2^n}$ and sublinear space

Here are two families of hash functions on strings $\vec{x} = \langle x_0 x_1 x_2 \dots x_m \rangle$: For $p$ prime and $x_i \in \mathbb{Z_p}$, $h^1_{a}(\vec{x}) = \sum a^i x_i \bmod p$ for $a \in \...
jbapple's user avatar
  • 11.2k
14 votes
1 answer
338 views

How much independence is required for separate chaining?

If $n$ balls are placed into $n$ bins uniformly at random, the heaviest loaded bin has $O(\lg n/\lg \lg n)$ balls in it with high probability. In "The Power of Simple Tabulation Hashing", Pătraşcu and ...
jbapple's user avatar
  • 11.2k
6 votes
1 answer
457 views

What are alternatives to the random oracle model for modelling hash functions?

I was looking for more realistic alternatives to the ROM for describing hash functions in theoretical proofs. I came across the common reference string model (where hash functions can be modeled as ...
RDN's user avatar
  • 315
1 vote
0 answers
77 views

Length Extension Attack with a fixed length message [closed]

It's well known that using a hash function as message authentication is vulnerable to length extension attacks. ie. H(key+message) is a bad idea. H(message+key), H(key+message+key) have their issues ...
kels's user avatar
  • 19
0 votes
0 answers
124 views

count number of i such that ( (a*i+b) mod p) mod k == l

How to determine the number of $i$'s as fast as possible such that $$1\le i \le L$ and $((ai+b)\mod p) \mod k = l$$ where $p$ is a prime number, $1\lt a, b\lt p-1$, and $l \lt k \lt L \lt p$. This ...
redplum's user avatar
  • 121
1 vote
1 answer
234 views

fast range summable hash functions

I'm finding is there any range summable hash function. ADD: The hash function I refer to is the one that is typically used in tug-of-war sketch(AMS sketch). Please refer to The space complexity of ...
redplum's user avatar
  • 121
6 votes
1 answer
668 views

Continuity vs Uniformity when designing Hash functions

Reading available literature (yep, including wikipedia), I see that hash functions should have (continuity) and map values that differ very little to similar/same hash codes, in particular for (hash ...
luis.espinal's user avatar
15 votes
1 answer
647 views

Bloom filter hashes: more or bigger?

In implementing a Bloom filter, the traditional approach calls for multiple independent hash functions. Kirsch and Mitzenmacher showed that you actually only need two, and can generate the rest as ...
Jay Hacker's user avatar