Questions tagged [lower-bounds]
questions about lowerbounds on functions, usually the complexity of an algorithm or a problem
252
questions
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65 views
Low-Treewidth Sorting Networks
It was previously asked if there exist Boolean circuits of treewidth $O(\log n)$ that compute the majority function $\text{MAJ}_n$ on $n$ inputs. While a construction using online algorithms and the ...
0
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1answer
98 views
Complexity for universal Counter Machine with {0,1}-valued registers
Consider a universal $\{0,1\}$-$k$-counter machine where each of the $k$ registers has a value in $\{0,1\}$ (as opposed to any non-negative integer in the usual formulation), and there are states $q_1,...
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0answers
138 views
Triangle detection hardness in regular graphs
Consider a tripartite graph over $n^{1-\epsilon}$ vertices each in sets $I, J, K$. Suppose we impose a constraint that every vertex has degree $n^\epsilon/c$ for some constant $\epsilon > 0$ and ...
2
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0answers
64 views
Obtaining a lower bound of a matrix norm
I was wondering (on a setting where $\vec X_i \sim \mathcal{N}(\vec\mu, \mathbb{I})$ are $n$ random $d$-dimensional multivariate normal vectors with unknown mean $\vec\mu$) how I could obtain a lower ...
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31 views
What is known about the stabilizer rank of this simple state?
Consider the uniform superposition of all length-$n$ bit-strings of Hammming weight $w$,
$$ |\phi_w\rangle =\sum_{x\in \{0,1\}^n,|x|=w} |x\rangle$$
What is known or conjectured about the stabilizer ...
3
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1answer
282 views
ETH based lower bound for $k$-COLORING of bounded degree graph
It is known that there is no $2^{o(n)}$-time algorithm for 3-COLORABILITY of graphs of maximum degree four, unless ETH fails [1]. Is a there a similar result for $k$-COLORABILITY assuming only ETH (...
3
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1answer
124 views
What is the best simulation of majority utilizing $\bmod\{2,3,\dots,p\}$ gates?
It is known $AC^0[2]$ cannot get majority function.
Is there a literature on simulation of $MAJ$ function utilizing $AC^0[2,3,\dots,p]$ gates for a finite fixed set of primes $2$ to $p=O(1)$?
What is ...
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1answer
140 views
Comparing SAT to MCSP reduction class separations and faster SAT class separations?
Assume $SAT$ is in $QuasiP$. We immediately infer $NQuasiP=QuasiP$ and $EXP=NEXP$. From https://people.csail.mit.edu/rrw/easy-witness-nqp.pdf we infer $NQuasiP$ is not in $P/poly$ which implies $...
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73 views
What is the best reduction we know from flavors of $SAT$ to $MCSP$?
Consider $\mathcal P(n,m)$ to be a class from the set $\{k\mbox{-}\mathsf{SAT}(n,m),\mathsf{CIRCUITSAT}(n,m)\}$ where $k$ is fixed, $n$ is number of variables and $m$ is number of clauses.
Denote $\...
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1answer
109 views
Average-case randomized communication complexity in the small-advantage regime
Let $f\colon \{0, 1\}^n \times \{0, 1\}^n \to \{0, 1\}$. I'm interested in randomized communication protocols $\pi$ that compute $f$ in the weak sense that
$$
\Pr_{x, y}\left[\Pr_r[\pi(x, y, r) = f(x, ...
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0answers
36 views
Complexity Lower Bounds for 3D Sparse Gaussian Elimination
I'm interested in lower bounds on the complexity in the real-RAM model of solving systems of linear equations which have the sparsity pattern of a three-dimensional cubic mesh. Specifically, consider ...
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0answers
210 views
Is there a known lower-bound on what the exponent could be, even if it turned out that P=NP?
Underlying motivation for the question: if someone showed that $\text{P}=\text{NP}$ but the algorithm thus produced for, e.g., $3\text{-SAT}$, runs in time $\Omega(n^G)$ where $G$ is Graham's number, ...
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0answers
38 views
Maximum resistor with sublinear number of measurements
Consider a set $X = \{x_1, \dots, x_n\}$ of positive real numbers (or natural numbers, if you like) to be a set of resistors. For any subset $S \subset X$, we can build resistive circuits and measure ...
14
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1answer
819 views
Are there languages decidable in linear time by RAM machines that have superlinear time complexity lower bounds for Multitape Turing machines?
Question: Are there languages decidable in linear time by RAM machines that have superlinear time complexity lower bounds for Multitape Turing machines?
Background: I recently stumbled upon the ...
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0answers
141 views
Computing and maintaining the minimum of a set $S$ of integers while allowing updates on $S$
This question is about computing and maintaining the minimum of a set $S$ of integers while allowing updates on $S$.
The computation model we are considering is the unit-cost RAM machine with linear ...
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0answers
151 views
Proof that quantum computers can't easily invert permutations
Let's say I am given a permutation $\sigma$ that maps $n$ bit strings to $n$ bit strings. I want to output $1$ if $\sigma^{-1}(1)$ is even and $0$ if $\sigma^{-1}(1)$ is odd. This is the famous ...
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0answers
157 views
Time complexity of Succinct-CVP
I want to know what is the best known lower time complexity of Succinct-CVP?
The succinct version of many P-complete problems are EXP-complete and Succinct-CVP is EXP-complete too (It is because of ...
0
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1answer
124 views
Application of Yao's Minmax Principle for Adaptive Randomized Algorithms
Reference Request: I am interested in references where Yao's Minimax Principle is applied for adaptive randomized algorithms if any. More generally, I am interested in minimax lower bound results for ...
2
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0answers
162 views
Why is it difficult for $GCT$ to prove super quadratic lower bound?
We have a quadratic lower bound for the Permanent versus Determinant problem.
Why is it difficult for $GCT$ to improve it?
5
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2answers
284 views
Are there problems in $DTIME(n^k) - DTIME(n^{k-1})$ that are not hard for $DTIME(n^{k-1})$ under nearly linear time reductions?
Background
It can be challenging to find computational problems that are solvable in $DTIME(n^k) - DTIME(n^{k-1})$ where $k \geq 2$.
Although some natural problems are known to exist, many of them ...
2
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2answers
184 views
Problem in deterministic time $n^p$ and not lower
I'm looking for any language $L$ candiate to be in $DTIME(n^p) -DTIME(n^{p-1})$ (it takes at least $n^{p-1}$ steps to determine if an input is in L with a 2-tape $TM$, but L is polynomially solvable).
...
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3answers
741 views
Maximum shortest word accepted by pushdown automata
Given a fixed alphabet, consider all deterministic pushdown automata with $n$ states that accept a nonempty language. What is the maximum length of the shortest word accepted by a deterministic ...
3
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2answers
125 views
Understanding non-equivalence of proof lengths according to proof systems
Here, in section 4.3, Fortnow says:
But to prove P != NP we would need to show that tautologies
cannot have short proofs in an arbitrary proof system.
I am ...
2
votes
0answers
100 views
Lower bounds for list/set data structures without delete
I'm interested in lower bounds on the amortized time cost for either of the following dynamic data structure problems, in the cell probe or RAM model, or any model that lets us do operations on words ...
1
vote
0answers
95 views
Switching lemma for polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_2$
Suppose $f$ is in $\mathbb{F}_2[x_1,...,x_n]$ with total degree $d$.
Q. Is there any kind of switching lemma or restriction lemma in which by applying the lemma on $f$ we can reduce the total ...
6
votes
1answer
265 views
Big-O bounds on the k-th largest element of iid Gaussians
I'm interested in the following problem. Let $X_1, \dots, X_n$ be iid samples with a $N(0,1)$ distribution. Let $X_{[k]}$ be the $k$-th largest element of $\{X_1, \dots, X_n\}$, so e.g. $X_{[1]} = \...
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0answers
69 views
Lower bound for permutation generator
I'm interested in a problem akin to combinatorial circuits, but in terms of complexity. Apologies for missing the correct terminology, I'll appreciate any corrections.
Given $n$ inputs numbered $1 ......
9
votes
2answers
839 views
Can three stacks be implemented in one array, with O(1) push/pop time?
Two stacks can be efficiently implemented using one fixed sized array: stack #1 starts from the left end and grows to the right, and stack #2 starts from the right end and grows to the left. Is the ...
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0answers
44 views
Arranging sets in a hierarchy
Suppose you have sets $S_1, \dots S_m$ such that $\sum_i |S_i| = n$. The goal is to arrange all the sets into a (possible unconnected) DAG such that $S_i$ is a parent (or ancestor) of $S_j$ iff $S_j \...
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0answers
98 views
Entropy bounds on solutions to problems in BPP and other complexity classes based on entropy demands
Has anyone studied the asymptotics of problems in complexity classes like $BPP$? The thought came to me that if a problem in $BPP$ only requires $O(log(n))$ bits of entropy to solve then, intuitively, ...
1
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1answer
82 views
The SQ argument in Balazs Szorenyi's paper
I am asking about the proof in Theorem 5 (page 6) of this paper,
http://www.inf.u-szeged.hu/~szorenyi/Cikkek/sq_d0_ext.pdf
Quite a few things about this short argument seem unclear to me,
Towards the ...
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0answers
262 views
On $BPP$ in $P^{NP}$ and $SETH$
It is believed showing $BPP$ in $P$ involves good $PRG$s and faces lower bound barriers.
Does showing $BPP$ in $P^{NP}$ which would mean $BPP\neq EXP^{NP}$ face similar $PRG$ and give lower bounds?
...
4
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1answer
142 views
Strong seeded randomness extractors with low entropy loss
I would like to implement a strong seeded randomness extractor for flat sources as a part of my project.
Most of the literature on seeded extractors is concentrated on minimizing seed length. ...
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0answers
43 views
Optimally fair stable matching
There's a nice post by Gil Kalai which outlines the inherent bias in stable matching algorithms quantitatively.
In the traditional loyd shapeley algorithm for $n$ men and $n$ women, given randomly ...
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0answers
99 views
Why do most 0/1 matrices need linear arithmetic circuits of size $\Omega(n^2/\log(n))$?
I am reading Alon et al.'s paper Linear Circuits over $GF(2)$ and I am having trouble seeing the counting argument showing that most matrices need a circuit of size $\Omega(n^2/\log n)$. This result ...
7
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1answer
158 views
Lower bound for enumerating k closest pair of points
Consider 1 dimensional points $x_1, \dots x_n, x_i \in \mathbb{R}$ where the distance between any two points is defined as $d(x_i, x_j) = \vert x_i - x_j \vert$. The goal is to enumerate all $n^2$ ...
3
votes
1answer
274 views
Conesequences of $\forall k\in \mathbb N \space NP\not\subseteq TISP(poly(n),n^k)$
Does $\forall k\in \mathbb N \space NP\not\subseteq TISP(poly(n),n^k)$ has any separation of classes or consequences?
My main question is can use this to show that $P \neq NP$ or some thing useful ...
3
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0answers
78 views
Lower bound for reversing a list using queues
How do you prove (or disprove) that a list of length $n$ cannot be reversed in time $o(n \log n)$ using $O(1)$ queues?
Each queue is FIFO. Time refers to the number of operations on the queues.
...
5
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0answers
54 views
Inapproximability Results for APX-hard Geometric Optimization Problems
A lot of Geometric Optimization problems are NP-hard and APX-hard to approximate (No PTAS unless P=NP). One example of the geometric set cover problem can be found here. However, it is not easy to ...
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1answer
113 views
Finding upper and lower bounds of a problem [closed]
We have n balls where 1 is a little heavier than the others and we want to find that heavier ball. We can only put some balls on one side of the scale and some on the other side and see if it leans ...
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141 views
How hard is it to generate a set of relatively prime numbers between two given bounds?
Informal Question
How hard is it to generate a set of relatively prime numbers between two given bounds?
Decision Problem
Given $a$, $b$, and $k \in \mathbb{N}$. Does there exist a set $S \...
5
votes
1answer
218 views
Lower bound for triangle-free graphs
I was reading a set of notes where it says
It can be shown that $\Omega(n^2)$ space is needed for one-pass algorithms to determine if an (unweighted, undirected) graph $G$ with $n$ nodes contains ...
7
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1answer
246 views
How fast can we find and disconnect roots in a forest?
Consider a forest of rooted trees. The problem is to support two operations:
disconnect(v): if v is the root of some tree in the forest, remove all edges of v;
findroot(v): find root of the tree ...
2
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1answer
162 views
Petri net termination
Termination is the following problem.
Input: a Petri Net with initial marking
Output: "yes" iff there exists an infinite firing sequence. The naive algorithm in the case of bounded nets for example ...
6
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0answers
228 views
How hard is APPROXIMATE-#SAT?
It is well known that the problem of counting the satisfying assignments of SAT, namely the problem #SAT, is #P-complete.
It is also suspected (somewhat less widely) that even deciding SAT should ...
4
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1answer
126 views
Which $SIZE$-$DEPTH(s, d)$ classes with $log(s(n))^{d(n) - 1} = o(n)$ can we not separate by known methods?
Define $SIZE$-$DEPTH(s, d)$ to be the functions which are computed by circuit families of size $O(s(n))$ and less than depth $d(n)$.
We know from Boppana's 1997 paper on the average sensitivity of ...
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1answer
183 views
Should GCT focus on $PSPACE\not\subseteq P/poly$?
GCT tries to show $P$ is not $NP$ by showing $NP$ is not in $P/poly$.
Could it be useful in showing $\Sigma_{i+1}\not\subseteq P^{\Sigma_i}/Poly$ at every $i>0$?
Suppose if it turns out that $\...
3
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1answer
164 views
Separations between testing and tolerant testing for (natural) classes of functions?
Note: I am considering here property testing in the query model, with regard to Hamming distance. (So, for instance, of Boolean functions—I'm phrasing it that way below.) I am in particular not ...
4
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0answers
206 views
Is $NEXP^{NP}$ known to not be contained in $NP/poly$?
To the best of my knowledge, it is known that $NEXP^{NP} \nsubseteq P/poly$, but it's still not known if $NEXP \nsubseteq P/poly$.
For more info, see "Superpolynomial circuits, almost sparse oracles ...
0
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1answer
192 views
What do stronger circuit lower bounds give in terms of derandomization?
We have $EXP\not\subseteq P/poly\implies BPP\subseteq io-DTIME(2^{n^\epsilon})$ at every $\epsilon>0$.
This is essentially $DTIME(2^{O(n)})\not\subseteq P/poly\implies BPP\subseteq io-DTIME(2^{n^\...