It was stated in a comment to anonymous moose's answer to this question, [Can you identify the sum of two permutations in polynomial time?][1], that it is $NP$-complete to identify the difference of two permutations. I don't see a straightforward reduction from the permutation sum problem and it is useful to have the $NP$-completeness reduction for the permutation difference problem. **Permutation Difference:** INSTANCE: An array $A[1...n]$ of positive integers. QUESTION: Do there exist two permutations $\pi$ and $\sigma$ of the positive integers ${1,2, ... , n}$ such that $|\pi(i) - \sigma(i)| = A[i]$ for $1 \le i \le n$ ? >What is the reduction for proving the $NP$-completeness of recognizing the difference of two permutations? [1]: http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/18037/can-you-identify-the-sum-of-two-permutations-in-polynomial-time/18045#18045