One of the recursive formulas relating values of mobious function is $$\sum_{m \leq n} \left\lfloor \dfrac {n}{m} \right\rfloor \mu (m) = 1.$$ But inorder to find the $\mu(n)$ we need to know the mobious values for $m < n $. Hence $$\mu (n) =1-\sum_{m < n} \left \lfloor \dfrac {n}{m}\right \rfloor \mu (m) .$$ Still you are dividing $n$ by the smaller positive integers $<n$ here you don't have to know if they are factors of $n$ when $m$ has a square factor! ( $\mu(m)=0$) ,But still we have to know the factors of $m$ to conclude this!! Refer to this paper: https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.mjms/1513306829 for the proof of the formula.