Every context-free language has either polynomial growth or polynomial growth: In the notation of the question poser: * Either there is a polynomial $p$ so that $w_n\le p(n)$ for all $n$ * Or there exists a $c>1$, so that $w_n\ge c^n$ for infinitely many $n$. This has been shown for instance in: > Martin R. Bridson, Robert H. Gilman: > "Context-Free Languages of Sub-exponential Growth" > Journal of Computer and System Sciences 64, (2002), Pages 308-310