# Questions tagged [derandomization]

Every randomized algorithm can be simulated by a deterministic algorithm, at the expense of an exponential increase in running time. Derandomization is about converting randomized algorithms into efficient deterministic algorithms.

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### If $P=BPP$, then Is it correct that $IP=NP$?

This is my first question in this site. I ask this question since I got no comment and no answer for one year and two months in cs.stackexchange and it was automatically deleted by the system. So, ...
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### Efficient randomness reduction using k-wise independence

Consider a randomized algorithm with runtime $n$, which succeeds with high probability. The algorithm uses $O(n)$ uniformly random bits. Now it is given that we can replace these uniformly random ...
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### Optimal bounds for $k$-wise non-uniform random bits

Let $k\geq 2$ be a constant (in my case, $k=4$), and $n,t \geq 0$ be integers such that $2^t \leq n$. What is the smallest sample space (or, equivalent, how many true independent random bits are ...
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### On $BPP$ in $P^{NP}$ and $SETH$

It is believed showing $BPP$ in $P$ involves good $PRG$s and faces lower bound barriers. Does showing $BPP$ in $P^{NP}$ which would mean $BPP\neq EXP^{NP}$ face similar $PRG$ and give lower bounds? ...
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### Why are one way functions and pseudorandom number generators considered necessary or essential for derandomization?

If strong pseudorandom number generator exists then $BPP=P$ holds and if one way functions exists then $BPP\subseteq SUBEXP$ holds. What are the best statements we have proved that come close to ...
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### Is BPP= P known for ANY uniform model of computation?

Many believe that BPP $=$ P "should" hold for Turing machines. We even have some "witnesses" for this: otherwise some "strange" things would happen; see e.g. this paper by Implagliazzo and Wigderson. ...
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### Is BPP vs. P a real problem after we know BPP lies in P/poly?

We know (for now about 40 years, thank Adleman, Bennet and Gill) that the inclusion BPP $\subseteq$ P/poly, and an even stronger BPP/poly $\subseteq$ P/poly hold. The "/poly" means that we work non-...
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### Fine-grained complexity of BPP

If E does not have i.o.-$2^{o(n)}$ circuits, then P=BPP, but this does not tell us about the fine-grained containments between $\mathrm{Time}(n^a)$ and $\mathrm{BPTime}(n^b)$. Are there reasonable ...
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### On approximating problems in $\#P$

We know that for every counting problem $\#A$ in $\#P$, there is a probabilistic algorithm $\mathcal C$ that on input $x$, computes with high probability a value $v$ such that (1 − ε)\#A(x) ≤ v ≤ (1 ...
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### On $\Delta_i^P$

We know $P\subseteq NP\cap coNP\subseteq\Delta_i^P=P^{\Sigma_{i-1}^P}\subseteq \Sigma_i^P\cap\Pi_i^P=NP^{\Sigma_{i-1}^P}\cap coNP^{\Sigma_{i-1}^P}$. If $P=BPP$ is there a 'higher' randomized class ...
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### On earlier references for $P=BPP$ and Kolmogorov's possible view on modern breakthroughs involving randomness?

Kolmogorov and Uspenskii in this paper 'http://epubs.siam.org/doi/pdf/10.1137/1132060' speculate P=BPP in 1986. They do this without getting into circuit lower bounds and from a different view which ...
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### Deterministic approximation algorithms for treewidth

As far as I understand, the factor $O(\sqrt{\log OPT})$ approximation algorithm for treewidth of Feige, Hajiaghayi, and Lee is randomized, and no deterministic approximation algorithm with this factor ...
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### P=BPP and derandomizing Vazirani-Valiant?

Vazirani-Valiant reduction is a randomized reduction from $SAT$ to unambiguous $SAT$. 1. Is $P=BPP$ strong enough to derandomize Vazirani-Valiant reduction? 2. If not what other ingredients are ...
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### Unambiguous SAT and sparse languages

What is the consequence if there are only polynomially many 'yes' classes of instances of a language that is polynomial time reducible from a problem equivalent to UnambiguousSAT (such as possibly ...
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### Consequence of PIT over $\Bbb Z[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ not having efficient algorithm

Given $p(x_1,\dots,x_n),q(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in \Bbb Z[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ such that coefficients of $p,q$ are bounded by $B$, does $p\equiv q$ hold? Schwartz-Zippel lemma applies here since it holds for ...
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### What is the status of intermediate problems if P is not NP in worst way imaginable?

Assume $P\neq BPP\neq NP$ with caveat that there is a deterministic algorithm for every $NP$ complete problem with input size $n$ bits in $2^{(\log n)^{1+f(n)}}$ arithmetic operations on $\log n$ ...
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### Is there a randomized complexity class analogous to $\mathsf{P/Poly}$?

$\mathsf{P/Poly}$ captures those problems that could be solved in polynomial time given some precomputed polynomial number of constants. Is there an analogous complexity class in randomized world ...
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### Can we construct a k-wise independent permutation on [n] using only constant time and space?

Let $k>0$ be a fixed constant. Given an integer $n$, we want to construct a permutation $\sigma \in S_n$ such that: The construction uses constant time and space (i.e. preprocessing takes ...
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### When does randomization stops helping within PSPACE

It is known that adding bounded-error randomization to PSPACE doesn't add power. That is, BPPSAPCE=PSPACE. It is famously unknown whether P=BPP, but it is known that $BPP\subseteq \Sigma_2\cap \Pi_2$....
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### On derandomizing polynomial identity testing

In polynomial identity testing we seek a deterministic algorithm to infer equality of two polynomials $g,h\in\Bbb Z[x_1,\dots,x_n]$. Derandomizing known efficient randomized algorithms and producing ...
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### Extractors in Practice: How to Determine the Min-Entropy in the Source Distribution

One of the main parameters in the construction of extractors is $k$, the min-entropy of the source distribution. In practice, suppose we want to extract randomness from a given source $S$. How do we ...
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### Why does the transformation in the proof for SL=L preserve connectedness of s and t?

I'm currently working on this paper showing that $\mathcal{SL} = \mathcal{L}$. But I keep wondering how the transformation $\tau$ in definition 3.1 preserves the connectivity of $s$ and $t$. $\tau$ ...
### Problems in $\mathsf{BPP}$ not known to be in $\mathsf P$?
What problems are known to belong to $\mathsf{BPP}$ but not known to belong to $\mathsf P$? More precisely, I am interested in independent problems, that is whose derandomizations are not known to be ...
We say that $f\in\mathbb{Z}[x_{1},\dots,x_{n}]$ is a {-1,0,1}-linear form if $f=\sum_{i\in S}x_{i}-\sum_{i\in T}x_{i}$ where $S,T\subseteq[n]$. A hitting set $H\subseteq\mathbb{Z}^{n}$ for {-1,0,1}-...