# Tag Info

### How can I find the second cheapest spanning tree?

The second-smallest spanning tree differs from the minimum spanning tree by a single edge swap. That is, to get the second-smallest tree, you need to add one edge that's not already in the minimum ...
• 50.2k
Accepted

### Exact formula for the number of spanning trees of a rectangle

According to https://www.cse.ust.hk/~golin/pubs/ANALCO_05.pdf there is no closed-form formula known. According to http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0004341v1.pdf the number is asymptotic (for $n$ and $m$ ...
• 50.2k
Accepted

### Improving Bloom filter - can we distinguish elements of a database using less than 2.33275 bits/element?

2.09 bits per element is practically achievable. See http://cmph.sourceforge.net/: "[Compress, Hash, Displace] can generate MPHFs that can be stored in approximately 2.07 bits per key." 1.44 bits per ...
• 11k
Accepted

### How fast can we find and disconnect roots in a forest?

The problem has name "fringe marked ancestor problem" and indeed has $O(\log \log n)$ worst-case solution for both operations [1], thus overcoming the lower bound for generic version of the problem. ...
Accepted

### Complexity of reachability in directed rooted forests

The problem is L-complete. It’s easier to think about it when the edges are written backwards. That is, I will consider the problem formulated as follows: given a directed acyclic graph such that ...
• 14.8k